by Amandda
Although WebQuests provide opportunities for integrating technology, content knowledge development, and linguistic accommodation for diverse learners, especially ELLs, their use as instructional tools has yet to be fully used. We contend that even WebQuests that are rated highly for content may lack design features that address the needs of ELLs. Existing WebQuests rarely provide resource links to alternative modalities (audio/video), nor do they provide resources to access are build on ELLs’ linguistic and cultural background knowledge. Therefore, we argue that the quality standards for WebQuests set by Dodge (2001) and March (2008), as per the Cartier Replica rubrics and supplemental information on their Web Portals, do not necessarily make the most of the Web-based capabilities or include essential elements for addressing the needs of ELLs.
Even minor adaptations can help existing WebQuests to meet the needs of ELLs. On the process page, one can provide the appropriate scaffolding by making instructions clear and breaking down the final product into incremental steps. The collaborative activities required to complete the WebQuest task can give ELLs opportunities to participate and develop content knowledge and communicative competence in English. Multimedia features found on linked Web resources can provide ELLs with access to alternative texts, additional visual aids, and audio input. Arguably, one of the greatest strengths of the WebQuest is that it can scaffold Internet
We have suggested several ways in which WebQuests can develop language proficiency and facilitate students’ proficiency in information communication technologies and critical literacies, as suggested by the International Reading Association’s (2001) position statement. We have also advocated for WebQuests that “challenge simple cultural interpretations” (Bean, 2002, p. 36) and encourage students “to go beyond pat responses” (p. 37). Including opportunities for small-group work, oral discussions, and debates throughout the process, and using websites that represent multiple perspectives and sources are two ways educators may begin to challenge stereotypes and develop more critical thinking.
In sum, we contend that WebQuests not only have the potential to encourage ELLs’ exposure to a variety of sources but also can encourage students to question the validity, authority, relevance, and particular agendas Omega Replica Watches across multiple sources. The use of adapted and customized WebQuests in the secondary curriculum is likely to help ELLs develop the required competencies suggested in the adolescent literacy position statement (Moore, Bean, Birdsyshaw, & Rycik, 1999), by integrating content knowledge and academic language proficiency as well as technological and critical literacy competencies.
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by Amandda
In her classic text, Subtractive Schooling, Valenzuela (1999) described how secondary school-aged, Mexican-origin students and their teachers frequently misunderstand one another. After observing one particularly heated exchange between an English teacher and his students, Valenzuela agreed to talk to an angry class, asking, “Do they [the teachers] at least care for you?” One student responded, “If they really cared, they wouldn’t be boring” (p. 235). When the researcher pressed the student as to how teachers could show that they cared, another student responded, “Like maybe show that they care about our life” (p. 235). Valenzuela explained that if teachers truly want to demonstrate that they care about their students, “they must begin with a more complete understanding of both their social and academic milieu” (p. 115). We believe that the act of embracing and implementing transnational and Cartier Replica community literacies is one way for teachers to begin to build productive relationships with students who are English-language learners (ELLs).
In this article, we provide a conceptual rationale for why it makes pedagogical sense to include transnational and community literacies in the literacy instruction provided to all students, including ELLs, in the United States. Although we believe that our proposal can be made accessible to students who are just beginning to learn English, namely through techniques such as scaffolded instruction and cooperative learning, for the purposes of this article we assume that ELLs are in at least the “speech emergence” stage (see Ernst-Slavit, Moore, & Maloney, 2002, for an overview of the four stages of language development). In this stage, students have begun to speak in phrases and complete sentences but continue to experience difficulty expressing all of their thoughts in English (Echevarria & Graves, 2006). We also provide multiple examples of transnational and community literacies and present a set of general guidelines for how teachers can transform these literacy practices into instructional activities.
Although skilled middle school teachers will be able to adapt our suggestions for use in their language arts and content area classes, our primary intended audience in this article is high school English teachers Tag Heuer Replica Watches and their students. It is worth noting that ninth grade and beyond are critical years for many ELLs due to the high drop-out rates at this level (Barton, 2005). Finally, we respond to potential objections regarding the inclusion of these forms of literacy in programs designed for ELLs.
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by Marissa Blackwell
Storage boxes are needed if you are removing, storing, and packaging things to move to a new home. You can find a wide array of boxes and packing kits online. These things help you move into a house efficiently and safely. Some of these boxes are delivered with free next working day delivery. There are many boxes available online which provide quality storage as used by professional moving companies.
Features And Uses
Great customer service is available at these online shops to help you decide a box that you may need according to your need and budget. The house moving, packing boxes and cardboard boxes are strong and thick and usually have a double wall thickness. You can easily list the contents and label the boxes on the box flaps. Some sturdy durable boxes can also be reused for storage for the loft areas of the house.
These strong and durable boxes are also ideal for overseas transportation. These moving boxes come in all sizes and shapes. They are made from cardboard, clear plastic, particle boards, wood, solid colored rubber, and even bamboo. These boxes are usually needed for moving to a new house, to store valuables or to ship items. The material used for boxes varies based on the purpose it is used for. For instance, for a short-term use, a cardboard box can be used. If long-term storage is required, plastic or wood boxes can be used.
Why And Which Boxes
Moving to a new home is not easy but it is made easy with neat storage options available online. If you have a home filing system, then you can use file handling boxes. These boxes can be stored under a table, under a desk, or even under a bed. These useful boxes keep your paperwork safe. These storage boxes are much cheaper than file cabinets and would not rust too. Apart from storing files, you can also store photographs and artworks in these boxes. These boxes can be stacked one on top of the other to save space and store anything.
Which boxes to buy depends on the things you want to store. Sturdy boxes with lids can be helpful for storing, lifting, and for handling by children. If you want to store big and bulky things like linens, pillows, and comforters, large plastic storage boxes are ideal for you. You can choose corrugated boxes with dividers to keep fragile items like bottles and glasses.
You can choose boxes that fold flat when not in use and also have a fast-fold so that they can be quickly set-up. There are also special boxes to store supplies, outdoor tools, and even household goods. You will also be able to find boxes for yard tools, pool equipments, and patio bench box, and for storing fertilizers, seeds, and small planting pots.
There are metal storage boxes which can be used in garages as complete work centers for fittings and tools. Metal boxes are ideal against rodent damage. These boxes can also be locked and used for private use. There are also special boxes to store fabrics with a zipper closing. These boxes come in many colors and can be used at a later stage for home decor.
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by Saul Pere
Doing home repairs without hiring someone is growing in popularity. More and more homeowners are opting to do home repairs themselves to save some money. If you are looking to fix some minor problem with your roof, you have come to the right place. In this article you will learn small roof repair tips that you can do yourself.
Chances are, if you are reading this article you already have your mind set on fixing your roof yourself. Or, you are trying to decide if you really want to even bother trying to fix the roof yourself. Either way, throughout this article you are going to find roof repair tips to save money and time.
Over time, many roof shingles begin to shows signs of distress and need repair. You can always hire a contractor to do the repairs, however it will likely cost you more to bring someone in to do it than it will for you to repair yourself. If you want to repair a single shingle or maybe a few shingles you can follow these tips and do it yourself.
1.Bent back shingles?
Simple use roof cement to repair. Straighten out the shingle, apply the cement and you are done. Although this is easier to do in the warmer months and should not be done by a do it yourselfer in the winter months as it is very dangerous.
2.Leaks?
Typically the most common places on a roof to leak are the areas where things meet. For example, chimneys and roof top antennas. To fix this, you should first allow the area to completely dry before repairing. In most cases you will only need to replace a few shingles. To do this remove the old ones the apply a liberal amount of roofing cement then put the new shingles on.
Keep in mind, not all roof repairs are for the inexperienced. If you are not confident that you can handle the repair it is best for you to call a professional. In the event there is more substantial damage to your roof you should not attempt to repair it yourself. These roof repair tips are meant for doing minor repairs.
You should also contact a professional if you are unable to locate the root of the problem, such as with leaks. High incline roofs should also only be repaired by professionals as doing it yourself could be dangerous.
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by Amandda
Graphic novels are more popular in our culture than ever before. Whether they are in the form of the traditional Japanese art (manga) or the more popular Americanized version of graphic illustrations such as the Bone novels by Jeff Smith, these books often sit atop a pile of students’ chosen books. Canon classics and new young adult literature are even being reformatted to appeal to a new generation of graphic novel readers. Much more than comic strips, today’s graphic novels are complex and mature, capturing an intellectual readership looking for more visual stimulation from their reading experiences.
There are two reasons teachers should be drawn to the manga genre: first, the popularity of the genre, measured by sales and distribution, and second, the unique multimodal reading that manga demands (Schwartz & Rubinstein-Avila, 2006). Fortunately, it is possible to marry students’ outside interests with those of traditional academia. An example of this would be tackling complicated texts in the classroom using poetry comics. Poetry comics illustrate poetry in the form of a comic strip. The text of the comic strip is the text of the poem, with illustrations Cartier Replica inspired by the text. To begin this activity with our eighth-grade students, we introduced Langston Hughes’s “A Dream Deferred,” and after reading it as a class, we presented a poetry comic based on Hughes’s poem (see Morice, 2002). A comparison of the two emphasizes the ways in which poetry can be interpreted and illustrated differently by each reader.
Once students had a clear understanding of poetry comics, we asked them to read two complex poems, Walt Whitman’s “O Captain! My Captain” and T.S. Eliot’s “The Naming of Cats,” and demonstrate their understanding through poetry comics. Jasmine tackled Eliot and illustrated the poem with her understanding of the text (see Figure 4). Ordered in a traditional comic strip format, Jasmine also added personalized touches outside of the borders. Jasmine incorporated the entire poem in its traditional form, while giving the narrator a cat personality.
Kaitlin approached Whitman in a different comic format (see Figure 5). Instead of the traditional squares in a linear sequence, Kaitlin opted for ships to anchor each stanza, with characters quoting lines from the poem. Kaitlin understood the poem to be about President Abraham Lincoln’s death and chose to depict the country metaphorically as the ship Whitman speaks of in the poem.
Much more than a superficial illustration of poetry, these poetry comics allow for students to experiment with narrator voice, setting, and literal and metaphorical meanings. Layering complex literary analysis skills with visual representations allows students to practice visualizing the texts that they read. Graphic representations of popular texts provide a contemporary canvas for authors to share their stories using a fresh, relevant approach. Educators, librarians, and bookstores that Breitling Replica Watches have embraced this new genre of literature have difficulty keeping titles on their shelves. Further, they are pleased to see more young people choosing books at a time when video games and the Internet
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by Kallen Markovich
These days you will find streams of people who are inclined towards starting a home based business bidding adieu to their permanent jobs. With myriad of options and choices for work from home business
Remember setting your own business can help you feel confident about developing your business. So, a glance at the list of the home based business will help you figure out the best work from home business opportunities for you. A fine thing about this work at home business opportunities is the fact that you don’t have to make your own service or product. You can simply take the benefits of these works at home business by advertising
Well, prior to choosing work at home opportunities you need to conduct a thorough research. Try educating yourself on the future prospects and market demands of your business. Chose that business which is satisfying and money-making as well. Remember if the opportunity demands working for someone at the comfort of your home, ensure it is for a reputable company. Well if it is a start up business, it is necessary to see the research costs involved alongside focusing on the returns that you are going to get on your initial investment.
Also determine the effort and the time factor that you are willing to put in your business. Although work at home option comes as a part-time job, but sometimes it comes as a full-time job. Well if you stick at part time job, make sure that your business will not require any full time availability.
Draw a plan of your proposed work area to check whether it will fit into limited space of your home. Make sure that the selected space that you have chosen is sufficient to carry out your business activities. Beside you need to take care of the safety standards. Well if your business deals with any harmful substances or chemicals, it is necessary to have a close watch on the safety norms. Remember to consult to an insurance agent to verify the type of insurance that your work at home demands. Remember a positive minded and successful businessperson will always try his level best to set up your work at home.
Freelancing can be a lucrative work at home business. If you have a flair for writing and have creative bent of mind, you can stick to this profession. You can write articles, features, blogs etc of your own at the comfort of home according to client’s requirement and earn big bucks at the end of the day. You just need to find out where such legitimate options and opportunities can be available. You can also try your hands at data-entry works, affiliate marketing, designing and lots more.
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by Amandda
Family involvement in education can lead to in-Teased student achievement, motivation, and self-esteem while having a positive impact on behavior and attendance in school (Cassity & Harris, 2000; Epstein, 1996). Studies have demonstrated that adolescents often want their families to be involved, but he school practices and family events must support heir developing autonomy (Deslandes & Cloutier, 1002) and be accessible and relevant to students and heir families (Schmidt, 2000).
While most of the literature and current research on family involvement addresses children in preschool or the early grades (Hendrix, 2000), it is important to consider how programs can be supportive for adolescents. Because of students’ emerging independence and development Tag Heuer Replica Watches at this age, they often have more influence in communicating events and encouraging participation of their caregivers (McGrew-Zoubi, 1998). Students can be considered primary actors in the relationships their families have with the school; therefore, there is a need to make the opportunities for involvement developmentally appropriate and relevant for students in the middle grades (Baker, 2000; Deslandes & Cloutier, 2002).
There is still much to be understood about how to develop supportive relationships that allow families to contribute and support students’ literacy learning. Family participation is affected by educational and financial resources, motivation and beliefs that parents can help their child succeed at school, time constraints, and relationships or policies promoted by the schools (Fine, 1993; Hoover-Dempsey & Sandier, 1995; Kerbow & Bernhardt, 1993; Swap, 1993; Walker et al., 2005). Even considering ways that involvement is defined reflects the inequities of society, cultural variances, and economic opportunities as well as the differing values and experiences of families (Green, Walker, Hoover-Dempsey, & Sandier, 2007). For instance, some families define involvement as interactions within the home context, such as talking with their children about their educational experiences, goals, or achievement (Kerbow & Bernhardt, 1993); which have been described as “invisible strategies” (Auerbach, 2007; Lareau, 2000; Lareau & Horvat, 1999). Auerbach (2007) has detailed the significance of strategies that parents employ at home and found that their support “from the sidelines” can be a significant factor in how students understand and view the world. This type of involvement has been found to be a strong determinant of good grades and positive life choices (Falbo, Lein, & Amador, 2001).
Involvement is further complicated for parents of color who are separated from schools by cultural and racial issues as well as experiences that have led them to mistrust schools (Valdes, 1996). This can be particularly Cartier Replica Watches relevant when parents are asked to participate in writing activities; if their associations with schooling are negative or the program does not build upon their own linguistic and cultural strengths then they are less likely to be involved (De Gaetano, 2007).
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by Amandda
“When You Do Your Best, There’s Someone to Encourage You”:
Adolescents’ Views of Family Literacy
I’m thanking for my life
And my mother who treats me right
My special talents and the performing arts
My family and their loving hearts.
–Desiree
Mom loved me, pop hated me
Well anyway that’s what 1 believe
Maybe aunts and uncles will help me out
Someday, maybe, seriously I Tag Heuer Replica doubt Mother was the one who put clothes on my back,
When no one else was there Brothers were the ones who tried to
Keep me on track When father was elsewhere
Here I am all alone
Walk and wondering with no place to go
Still wishing I could find a place to
Call home.
–LaDonna
These poems were written in a poetry program in an eighth-grade English classroom designed to create connections among families, community members, students, and teachers. There are compelling reasons to look for connections between adolescent students’ families, the communities, and schooling experiences; adolescence is a time where children are straddling the world of being a child yet moving toward developing independence as a result of their own experiences and understandings of their life. There are two intertwined, sometimes competing, factors that complicate the topic of family literacy regarding adolescent students. First, adolescents’ views of literacy reflect their personal and social development. Their interests revolve around their emerging sense of independence, emotional changes, reactions to social pressures, and need for peer acceptance (Feirsen, 1997). Second, family has an important and significant impact on children’s development at any age, but it is particularly relevant during the adolescent years due to the issues they are engaging with as they become more autonomous. Unfortunately, there is a misperception that in developing their autonomy, they need less adult guidance and involvement. Yet, in reality the opposite is true because adolescents benefit from continued support and mentorship that is developmentally appropriate and relevant to their needs (DePlanty, Coulter-Kern, & Duchane, 2007).
Despite the fact that adolescents benefit from caring adults that participate in their education, involvement of families decreases incrementally as students’ progress to higher grades. Adolescents often do not Tag Heuer Carrera Replica encourage their families to participate because they have become increasingly peer-oriented, more independent, and their relationships with their families lave changed in many ways (Hoover-Dempsey & handler, 1997; Walker, Wilkms, Dallaire, Sandier, & Hoover-Dempsey, 2005). Understanding factors that affect the parents’ roles have been documented by research (Auerbach, 2007; Epstein, 1996), but there is very little research that describes how adolescent students perceive and affect their own families’ involvement in their own words. In this article, I describe low adolescent students defined and affected family involvement within a poetry program which was developed and funded as a way to involve families in the school.
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by Amandda
What Peter loves most about Naruto are the layers in the plot. Characters like Naruto, Sakura, Sasuke, and Kakashi have their own idiosyncrasies, which manifest themselves in their distinct appearances, practices, histories, and characterizations in the series. Naruto, the lead character, grew up without parents or friends, and with little attention. To get attention, Naruto pulls pranks and causes mischief.
Distinguishing features of characters are found in their relationships to ninja lore, a class system, and spirituality that become evident when they enter and exit the human and supernatural worlds. Peter seemed the Thomas Sabo Bracelets most interested in spirituality within the storyline, and most of our interview dealt with spirituality and the notion of chakra.
Jennifer: I like these Naruto cards, is that how you say it?
Peter: Yeah. The levels of the ninja are academy, student, and then you get your headband. I look this up on the computer. After undergoing a three-part exam, you are being judged worthy to advance to the rank of Chunin. A Chunin is able to go on solo missions and lead groups. Yeah, and then the Chunin are the elite, the most powerful and highly skilled ninja. A Chunin is also deemed strong enough to train a squad of three Genin.
The conversation goes on for another five minutes, during which we look at a series of Naruto screens. We then get onto the topic of chakra, about which Peter is very passionate:
Jennifer: Do you play it with your friends?
Peter: ignores my question and instead changes the topic to chakra] Chakra is the energy needed by ninjas to perform special ninja arts and techniques called jutsu. Chakra is generated within the body by combining elements: physical energy that comes from the body’s cells, and spiritual and mental energy that is gained through training and meditation.
Peter proceeds to discuss the nuances of each character at length. The dominant discourse in the world of Naruto is ninja history and the layering in of spirituality with the notion of chakra. In terms of design and Thomas Sabo Bracelets production as a physical, material manifestation of content in design (the second and third of Kress and Van Leeuwen’s [2001] processes of multimodal textual understanding), spirituality blends in with the plotline through forces that surround characters.
Figure 2 shows Naruto in a warrior pose, brandishing a scroll like a sword, on which is written Japanese lore and the spiritual guiding principles of Naruto’s mission in the series and videogame. The distribution and modal density is obvious in the illustration, with the intensity of Naruto’s blue fiery eyes and his whiskers as a reminder of the otherworldly quality of the story–characters in Naruto stand between the human world and an ethereal other world. The emblem sits prominently in his headband as a reminder of his heritage and origin in the Leaf Village.
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by Amandda
In July 27th, 2008, article from The New York Times, Motoko Rich claimed, “What is different now is that spending time on the Web, whether it is looking up something on Google or britneyspears.org, entails engagement with text” (p. Al). With that statement, digital texts entered public debate and were acknowledged as capable of inviting skills that foster literacy. Over the past few years, increasing attention has been paid to digital literacy practices, as well as to how they can be incorporated into literacy teaching and learning (Alvermann, 2006; Buckingham, 2007; Cranny-Francis, 2005; Davies, 2006; Knobel & Lankshear, 2006; Thompson, 2008). Some scholars in the field suggest that digital reading involves a different logic and set Cartier Jewelry of practices governed by multimodality. In this context, multimodality is defined as an understanding of different modes of communication (visual, acoustic, spatial) working together without one being dominant. In this article, we explore how digital reading practices rely on notions of multimodality (Kress, 1997; Kress & Van Leeuwen, 1996, 2001) and design (Cope & Kalantzis, 2000) to appreciate and understand text content.
We study in detail two different learners–one struggling in school, and one who has a passion for digital texts–and build on their particular stories to get an overall picture of literacy teaching and learning. Significant work pertaining to online literacy has already been done (Coiro, 2005; Leu, 2000; McNabb, 2006; Snyder & Beavis, 2004; Wilder & Dressman, 1998). We build on such work in our analysis of two learners in different countries and with different stories.
There are several issues to grapple with when it comes to online reading practices. The sheer vastness of the Internet
In Literacy Learning in Networked Classrooms, Mary McNabb (2006) identified three ways in which the Internet can provide curricular benefits (1) designing Internet-based activities to help meet the diverse needs of students by engaging them through personal interests, customizing teaching–learning cycles in ways that motivate students, and fostering self-directed learning. Case studies featured below fall in line with these curricular benefits. In the first case study, Peter faced a Cheap Cartier Jewelry challenging home situation, which compelled him to spend an increasing amount of time online. Through frequency and intensity of use, Peter became proficient in several online skills, such as seeking out information from multiple sources. He also became proficient with the Naruto videogame and developed a deep understanding of online settings and characters. Interestingly, Peter showed very little interest in, or aptitude for, school language arts, suggesting that if Peter’s teacher were to adapt the curriculum in line with McNabb’s suggestions, Peter might approach classroom learning with a higher level of interest and motivation. This could be accomplished by designing Internet activities pertaining to assigned texts, or by having Peter actively seek out information to engage his fascination with anime.
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